2-35 www.mo xa .c o m Industrial Ethernet 2 Industry-Specific Ethernet Switches > Introduction to IEC 61850-3 Ethernet Switches IEC 61850-3 IEC 61850-3 specifically addresses the device’s electromagnetic immunity from certain environmental conditions and electromagnetic interference (EMI) for communication networks and systems in substations. The EMI immunity requirements are based on IEC 61000- 6-5, which establishes performance criteria for key functions within the substation. To be compliant with the standard, critical functions, such as protection relay and control functions, on-line processing and regulation, as well as metering and network communication, cannot experience delays or data loss when exposed to various EMI phenomena. IEEE 1613 IEEE 1613 is another industry standard that establishes EMI immunity requirements for networking devices in electric power substations. Included in this standard are ratings, environmental performance requirements, and testing requirements for compliant communication devices. According to the IEEE 1613 standard, compliant devices may not experience permanent damage under EMI stress. Two different classes of devices are defined in the standard according to how EMI stress affects performance. Class 1 Compliant devices in this class may experience some data errors, losses, or delays under EMI stress conditions. Class 2 Compliant devices in this class must not experience any data errors, delays, or losses under EMI stress conditions. The PowerTrans (PT) series is compliant with IEC 61850-3 and IEEE 1613 certifications specifying a high level of EMC, shock, and vibration in power substations. Certifications to Ensure Reliable Operation The end goal of IEC 61850 is to transform the electricity distribution industry by building more intelligence and more complete automation into power substations. With intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), it’s possible to extend new controls and automation deep into the substation’s process layer, thus allowing for real-time monitoring and management from a centralized remote control hub. According to IEC 61850, an intelligent substation is characterized by these three basic features: • All primary substation machinery (switchgear, transformers) are engineered with a relatively high level of device intelligence. Maximizing a power substation’s availability and safety is the ultimate goal for both transmission grid operators and Substation Automation System (SAS) integrators. A properly optimized SAS will help ensure that the substation’s operation is always well within what are considered safe conditions. Overall, a power substation’s daily operation can be classified into three states: State 1: When the system is healthy and working properly. State 2: When the system encounters errors that reduce availability and/or make it unsafe. State 3: When a State 2 error has been detected and measures are being taken to make the system available again, by returning it to State 1. The foremost concern for electricity suppliers is substation availability, that is, keeping the operation in State 1 as much as possible. The following guidelines address every aspect of the design and operation substation networks: • Minimize Error Probability: Cut the possibility for errors in any way possible. • Detect Errors Faster: Increase the speed at which errors are detected, thereby minimizing interruptions to the smallest possible window. • Optimize Error Repairability: Increase the efficiency and effective- ness of fixing substation failures. • All secondary devices are networked. • All routine operations and system management are fully automated. To meet these objectives, the IEC 61850 standard stipulates that power substations will use Ethernet switches for data communications all throughout the station, bay, and process levels. Because commercial devices are far too frail for the demanding conditions of a power substation environment, devices specifically engineered to heavy industrial standards (e.g. IEC 61850-3 and IEEE 1613 requirements) which are optimized for use in power substations will be required. IEC 61850 Makes Substations Smarter Maximizing Substation System Availability